In which of the following states was the rise of the Dravidian parties to challenge the Congress system?

Tamil Nadu

The correct answer is Option (3) → Tamil Nadu

Tamil Nadu saw the rise of the Dravidian parties to challenge the Congress system.

The Dravidian movement led to the formation of Dravidar Kazhagam [DK] under the leadership of Tamil social reformer E.V. Ramasami ‘Periyar’. The organisation strongly opposed the Brahmins’ dominance and affirmed regional pride against the political, economic and cultural domination of the North. Initially, the Dravidian movement spoke in terms of the whole of south India; however lack of support from other States limited the movement to Tamil Nadu.