Raven’s Progressive Matrices (RPM) can be categorised in:
A. Verbal Test
B. Culture-Fair Test
C. Culture-Biased Test
D. Non-Verbal Test
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 3
The correct answer is Option (3) → B and D only
A. Verbal Test Incorrect. Verbal tests need verbal responses, oral or written, so they can be given only to literate people. RPM asks for none.
B. Culture-Fair Test Correct. A culture-fair test does not discriminate against people of different cultures. Non-verbal and performance tests reduce the cultural bias of verbal tests, since no language is needed to answer them.
C. Culture-Biased Test Incorrect. A culture-biased test favours the culture in which it was developed, mostly through its language and content. RPM’s picture patterns avoid that bias.
D. Non-Verbal Test Correct. Raven’s Progressive Matrices is an example of a non-verbal test: the subject examines an incomplete pattern and chooses the figure that completes it.
NCERT (2025-26): “Types of Intelligence Tests … Verbal tests require subjects to give verbal responses either orally or in a written form. Therefore, verbal tests can be administered only to literate people. The non-verbal tests use pictures or illustrations as test items. Raven’s Progressive Matrices (RPM) Test is an example of a non-verbal test. In this test, the subject examines an incomplete pattern and chooses a figure from the alternatives that will complete the pattern.…” “Culture-Fair or Culture-Biased Tests … It is nearly impossible to design a test that can be applied equally meaningfully in all cultures. Psychologists have tried to develop tests that are culture-fair or culturally appropriate, i.e. one that does not discriminate against individuals belonging to different cultures.…” “…Non-verbal and performance tests help reduce the cultural bias usually associated with verbal tests.…” |