Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R).
Assertion (A): Some scholars hold political instability over a long period as one of the reasons behind the declining growth rate in Pakistan.
Reason (R): In the late 1970s and 1980s, Pakistan received remittances from a continuously increasing outflow of emigrants to the Middle-east.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 2
The correct answer is Option (2) → Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
Assertion (A): Some scholars hold political instability over a long period as one of the reasons behind the declining growth rate in Pakistan. — True. Scholars name the reform processes and long political instability as reasons for Pakistan’s falling growth rate.
Reason (R): In the late 1970s and 1980s, Pakistan received remittances from a continuously increasing outflow of emigrants to the Middle-east. — True. In that period, money sent home by emigrants to the Middle-east helped stimulate Pakistan’s growth.
Why R does not explain A?
A is about political instability slowing growth. R is about remittances that, at the time, helped growth. R says nothing about instability, so it cannot be the reason given in A.
The book does list over-dependence on remittances as a separate reason for Pakistan’s slowdown, but that is not political instability. A rests on the scholars’ view: a long period of political instability, together with the reform processes, pulled down Pakistan’s growth rate.
NCERT (2026-27): “8.4 Gross Domestic Product and Sectors … In 2015–17 and 2024, there has been a decline in Pakistan and China’s growth rates, whereas, India met with moderate increase in growth rates. Some scholars hold the reform processes introduced in Pakistan and political instability over a long period as reasons behind the declining growth rate in Pakistan. …” “8.2 Developmental Path—a Snapshot View … During this period, Pakistan also received financial support from western nations and remittances from continuously increasing outflow of emigrants to the Middle-east. This helped the country in stimulating economic growth. …” |