In the study of Buddhist sculpture, art historians found it essential to delve into the hagiographies of the Buddha. These biographical accounts provided valuable insights into the life and teachings of the Buddha. According to these hagiographies, the Buddha attained enlightenment during his meditation beneath a tree.

Interestingly, in early Buddhist sculptures, the representation of the Buddha did not take a conventional human form. Rather, sculptors opted to depict his presence through various symbolic elements and motifs. These symbols conveyed the essence of the Buddha's enlightenment and teachings, adding a unique and profound dimension to the artistry of the sculptures.

In which state of India are the Ajanta caves located?

Maharashtra

The correct answer is Option 4 - Maharashtra

The Ajanta caves are located in Maharashtra.

While stone sculpture survives the ravages of time and is therefore most easily available to the historian, other visual means of communication, including paintings, were also used in the past. Those that have survived best are on walls of caves, of which those from Ajanta (Maharashtra) are the most famous. The paintings at Ajanta depict stories from the Jatakas. These include depictions of courtly life, processions, men and women at work, and festivals. The artists used the technique of shading to give a three-dimensional quality. Some of the paintings are extremely naturalistic.