Assertion: Cleistogamous flowers produce assured seed-set even in the absence of pollinators.
Reason: Cleistogamous flowers have exposed anthers and stigma.

Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is not correct.

The correct answer is Option (3) → Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is not correct.

Explanation:

Assertion (A) is true:

• Cleistogamous flowers are flowers that do not open and remain closed, ensuring self-pollination.
• Since external pollinators are not needed, seed-set is assured even in the absence of pollinators.

Reason (R) is incorrect:

• Cleistogamous flowers do not have exposed anthers and stigma; instead, the reproductive parts are enclosed within the flower, promoting obligate self-pollination.
• Exposed anthers and stigma are a characteristic of chasmogamous flowers (which open and allow cross-pollination).

Final Answer:

Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is not correct.