Consider the following statements:

1. The principle of separation implies that each caste should maintain a distinct identity from other castes.
2. The principle of wholism implies that a caste can be understood only in relation to the larger social order.
3. If castes are strictly separated from one another, they cannot simultaneously form part of a common social system.
4. The theoretical understanding of caste attempts to reconcile separation and interdependence.

Which of the following statements are correct?

1, 2 and 4 only

The correct answer is Option 3: 1, 2 and 4 only.

The theoretical model of caste is built precisely on the coexistence of separation and wholism. Castes are distinct and separated, yet they derive meaning from their place within a larger hierarchical social whole.

Statement 1: The principle of separation implies that each caste should maintain a distinct identity from other castes. — Correct.

Statement 2: The principle of wholism implies that a caste can be understood only in relation to the larger social order. — Correct.

Statement 3: If castes are strictly separated from one another, they cannot simultaneously form part of a common social system. — Incorrect. This appears logical but contradicts the theoretical basis of caste. The system is built on both separation and wholism simultaneously.

Statement 4: The theoretical understanding of caste attempts to reconcile separation and interdependence. — Correct.