Match List-I with List-II on agricultural marketing:
| List-I | List-II |
|---|---|
| (A) Farmers before independence | (I) Predominates agricultural markets despite government intervention |
| (B) Lack of storage even today | (II) Received a setback due to inadequate coverage of farmer members |
| (C) Cooperatives in the recent past | (III) Suffered from faulty weighing and manipulation of accounts |
| (D) Private trade | (IV) More than 10 per cent of farm goods are wasted |
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 1
The correct answer is Option (1) → (A)-(III), (B)-(IV), (C)-(II), (D)-(I)
Each item is a problem of agricultural marketing.
| List-I | List-II | Reason |
|---|---|---|
| (A) Farmers before independence | (III) Suffered from faulty weighing and manipulation of accounts | Traders cheated farmers in weighing and accounts. |
| (B) Lack of storage even today | (IV) More than 10 per cent of farm goods are wasted | Without storage, produce goes waste. |
| (C) Cooperatives in the recent past | (II) Received a setback due to inadequate coverage of farmer members | Too few farmers are members. |
| (D) Private trade | (I) Predominates agricultural markets despite government intervention | Moneylenders, merchants and rich farmers still dominate. |
NCERT (2026-27): “5.4 Agricultural Market System … Prior to independence, farmers, while selling their produce to traders, suffered from faulty weighing and manipulation of accounts. Farmers who did not have the required information on prices prevailing in markets were often forced to sell at low prices. They also did not have proper storage facilities to keep back their produce for selling later at a better price. Do you know that even today, more than 10 per cent of goods produced in farms are wasted due to lack of storage? …” “… However cooperatives have received a setback during the recent past due to inadequate coverage of farmer members, lack of appropriate link between marketing and processing cooperatives and inefficient financial management. The fourth element is the policy instruments like (i) assurance of minimum support prices (MSP) for agricultural products (ii) maintenance of buffer stocks of wheat and rice by Food Corporation of India and (iii) distribution of food grains and sugar through PDS. These instruments are aimed at protecting the income of the farmers and providing foodgrains at a subsidised rate to the poor. However, despite government intervention, private trade (by moneylenders, rural political elites, big merchants and rich farmers) predominates agricultural markets. …” |