Read the article given below and answer the following questions:

Know various poverty alleviation schemes launched by the Government of India

Let’s know some of the schemes launched for the upliftment of the poor- Ayushman Bharat: World’s largest free healthcare scheme Ayushman Bharat is a flagship scheme of the Government of India, which was launched to achieve the vision of Universal Health Coverage (UHC). This initiative has been designed to meet Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and its commitment, which is to “leave no one behind.” It provides a cover of up to Rs 5 lakhs per family per year for secondary and tertiary care hospitalization. Over 10.74 crore poor and vulnerable families (about 53 crore beneficiaries) are eligible for these benefits. The scheme provides cashless and paperless access to services for the beneficiaries at the point of service. About Pradhan Mantri Awaas Yojana -Gramin Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana Gramin was launched to address the housing gaps existing in rural areas.

The houses built under the PMAYG scheme are low-cost and disaster-resilient. The Government also provides financial assistance to those who are homeless or living in kaccha houses. So far, 1.26 crore houses have already been built across the country under the scheme. Ujjwala scheme and Saubhagya scheme Ujjwala scheme aims to benefit 5 crore families, especially the women living below the poverty line. By providing free gas connections and electricity connections under the Saubhagya scheme, to crores of poor, now their dependence on wood has been greatly reduced. Apart from reducing pollution, it has also helped a lot in improving health and strengthening environmental protection.

A new (International monetary fund) IMF paper released on Tuesday, titled ‘Pandemic, Poverty, and Inequality: Evidence from India’ says that ‘extreme poverty was maintained below 1% in 2020 due to Pradhan Mantri Garib Kalyan Ann Yojana (PMGKY). Also, the central government claims that schemes such as the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (MGNREGS) “acted as a boon for the populace” in the pandemic years, when cities saw a reverse migration because of the lockdown. However, the Ministry of Rural Development’s (MoRD) Sixth Common Review Mission, which examines rural development schemes in seven States—Andhra Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh, Gujarat, Himachal Pradesh, Jharkhand, Karnataka, Nagaland—and the Union Territory of Jammu and Kashmir, admits that their benefits did not reach significant pockets of the country.

Which of the following scheme was started in the year 1993 to create self-employment opportunities for educated unemployed youth in rural areas and small towns?

Prime Minister Rozgar Yojana

In 1993, the Pradhan Mantri Rozgar Yojana (PMRY) was introduced to help educated women and young people in India find self-employment. They are helped in setting up small businesses and industries.

In August 2005, the Parliament passed a new Act to provide guaranteed wage employment to every rural household whose adult volunteer is to do unskilled manual work for a minimum of 100 days in a year. This is known as Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MNREGA). Under this Act, all those among the poor who are ready to work at the minimum wage can report for work in areas where this program is implemented.

The SGSY Program came into effect in a rural portion of nations as of April 1, 1999. SGSY is a comprehensive program that addresses all facets of self-employment, including the grouping of the underprivileged into self-help organizations, training, credit, technology, infrastructure, and marketing.

There is no such program as Universal Employment Coverage Programme