Which of the following statement (s) is/are NOT correct about the second stage of demographic cycle?

None of the above.

The correct answer is Option 4: None of the above.

All options are correct.

Explanation:

1. Fertility remains high in the beginning of the second stage but it declines with time: This statement is correct. In the second stage of the demographic transition, fertility rates are still high initially, but they tend to decline over time as society progresses.

2. Improvements in sanitation and health conditions lead to decline in mortality: This statement is also correct. During the second stage, improvements in public health and sanitation lead to a significant decline in mortality rates.

3. As a result of difference in birth rate and death rate, the net addition to population is high: This statement is correct as well. The difference between high birth rates and declining death rates results in a substantial net population increase during this stage.