Which of the following countries has a semi-presidential executive where the president is the head of state and the prime minister, appointed by the president, is the head of government?

Russia

The correct answer is Option 4-  Russia

Russia has a semi-presidential system where president is the head of state and prime minister, who is appointed by the president, is the head of government.

The USA has a presidential system and executive powers are in the hands of the president. Canada has a parliamentary democracy with a constitutional monarchy where Queen Elizabeth II is the formal chief of state (now, King Charles III) and the prime minister is the head of government. In France, both the president and the prime minister are a part of the semi- presidential system. The president appoints the prime minister as well as the ministers but cannot dismiss them as they are responsible to the parliament. Japan has a parliamentary system with the Emperor as the head of the state and the prime minister as the head of government. Italy has a parliamentary system with the president as the formal head of state and the prime minister as the head of government. Russia has a semi-presidential system where president is the head of state and prime minister, who is appointed by the president, is the head of government. Germany has a parliamentary system in which president is the ceremonial head of state and the chancellor is the head of government.