Read the following passage carefully and answer the given questions.

Bioactive molecule, cyclosporin A, that is used as an immunosuppressive agent in organ-transplant patients, is produced by the fungus Trichoderma polysporum. Statins produced by the yeast Monascus purpureus have been commercialised as blood- cholesterol lowering agents. It acts by competitively inhibiting the enzyme responsible for synthesis of cholesterol. Baculoviruses are pathogens that attack insects and other arthropods. The majority of baculoviruses used as biological control agents are in the genus Nucleopolyhedrovirus. These viruses are excellent candidates for species-specific, narrow spectrum insecticidal applications. They have been shown to have no negative impacts on plants, mammals, birds, fish or even on non-target insects. BOD refers to the amount of the oxygen that would be consumed if all the organic matter in one liter of water were oxidised by bacteria. The sewage water is treated till the BOD is reduced. Cheese, is one of the oldest food items in which microbes were used. Different varieties of cheese are known by their characteristic texture, flavour and taste. For example, the large holes in 'Swiss cheese are due to production of a large amount of CO₂ by a bacterium named Propionibacterium sharmanii.

The greater the BOD of waste water - 

The more is its polluting potential

The correct answer is Option (1) -The more is its polluting potential

The BOD test determines the amount of oxygen consumed by microbes in water bodies. A higher BOD value of a sample water indicates that it is highly polluted.

In the BOD test, microbes in the water consume organic matter as a food source, which requires oxygen. When the water sample has a high BOD value, it indicates that there is a substantial amount of organic matter present in the water. This organic matter can come from various sources, such as sewage, industrial waste, or agricultural runoff, and is often associated with pollution.

The presence of a high BOD value suggests that the water body has a significant input of organic pollutants. These pollutants can deplete the dissolved oxygen in the water as microbes consume them, leading to reduced oxygen levels. This can have detrimental effects on aquatic life, as oxygen-depleted water can harm fish, plants, and other organisms.

Therefore, a higher BOD value in a water sample is an indication that the water is highly polluted with organic pollutants and requires proper management and treatment to reduce its environmental impact and protect aquatic ecosystems.