Which of the following techniques can be used to cure infertility in…

The correct answer is Option (1) → IUI

Infertility is the inability to produce children even after unprotected sexual intercourse. Assisted reproductive technologies (ART) help such couples, and each method suits a particular cause. When the male partner has a very low sperm count, the remedy is artificial insemination (AI): semen from the husband or a healthy donor is placed artificially into the vagina or the uterus of the woman.

Option (1) IUI — Correct. IUI stands for intra-uterine insemination. In this AI method the semen is placed directly into the uterus, so the few sperms do not have to travel far.

Option (2) IUDs — Incorrect. IUDs (intra uterine devices), such as CuT and Lippes loop, are contraceptives. They prevent pregnancy, so they cannot cure infertility.

Option (3) GIFT — Incorrect. GIFT stands for gamete intra fallopian transfer. An ovum from a donor is placed in the fallopian tube of a woman who cannot produce ova. It treats a problem of the female partner, not a low sperm count.

NCERT Extract:
Infertility – “… Transfer of an ovum collected from a donor into the fallopian tube (GIFT – gamete intra fallopian transfer) of another female who cannot produce one, but can provide suitable environment for fertilisation and further development is another method attempted. … Infertility cases either due to inability of the male partner to inseminate the female or due to very low sperm counts in the ejaculates, could be corrected by artificial insemination (AI) technique. In this technique, the semen collected either from the husband or a healthy donor is artificially introduced either into the vagina or into the uterus (IUI – intra-uterine insemination) of the female.”