As per the concept of inferential statistics, population stands for:-

The correct answer is Option (3) → It is the aggregate of objects under study in any statistical investigation.

In inferential statistics the population is the whole group being studied, a sample is a part of it, a parameter is a constant of the population and a statistic is a value calculated from a sample.

Option (1) A finite subset of the aggregate objects with the aim of investigating its properties. — Incorrect. This describes a sample.

Option (2) The statistical constant of the aggregate objects like mean (μ), variance (σ²) etc. — Incorrect. This describes a parameter.

Option (3) It is the aggregate of objects under study in any statistical investigation. — Correct. This is the population.

Option (4) Any statistical quantity calculated on the basis of the random sample. — Incorrect. This describes a statistic.

CBSE Applied Mathematics (Class XII):
Population and Sample