________ provides us information about how a person behaves under stressful situations.
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 4
The correct answer is Option (4) → Situational Tests
Option (1) Middle Category bias — Incorrect. It is a limitation of ratings: the rater tends to place people in the middle of the scale, avoiding the extreme positions. It is a bias of the rater, not a method that gives information about anyone.
Option (2) Nomination — Incorrect. In nomination each person of a group is asked to choose one or more persons with whom s/he would like to work, study or play, and the choices are analysed. It tells how a person is seen by peers, not how she or he behaves under stress.
Option (3) Ratings — Incorrect. Ratings are taken from people who know the person well, who place her or him into categories of behavioural qualities on a scale. They describe the person in general, not in a stressful situation created for the test.
Option (4) Situational Tests — Correct. The most commonly used test of this kind is the situational stress test. It provides information about how a person behaves under stressful situations: the person performs a task with others who are instructed to be non-cooperative and interfering.
NCERT (2025-26): “Situational Tests … A variety of situational tests have been devised for the assessment of personality. The most commonly used test of this kind is the situational stress test. It provides us with information about how a person behaves under stressful situations. The test requires a person to perform a given task with other persons who are instructed to be non-cooperative and interfering.…” |