Read the passage and answer the following question :

Over population carries number of family problems. Strategies like birth control methods help to control population explosion. Natural methods of birth control do not involve medications or devices to prevent pregnancy but rather rely on behavioural practices and/or making observations about menstrual cycle. Natural methods work on the principle of avoiding chances of ovum and sperms meeting.

Lactational amenorrhoea is effective for about 4-5 months after parturition. What is the reason for this? (Question 4)

Ovulation do no occur during intense lactation.

The correct answer is option (2) -Ovulation do no occur during intense lactation.

Lactational amenorrhea (absence of menstruation) refers to the temporary suppression of ovulation and menstruation that occurs during breastfeeding. The primary reason behind this phenomenon is the hormonal interplay associated with breastfeeding.

The effectiveness of lactational amenorrhea as a natural contraceptive method is highest during the early months of intense breastfeeding. However, as breastfeeding decreases or becomes less frequent, and as the infant starts consuming additional foods, the suppression of ovulation may diminish. Therefore, its effectiveness is generally noted for about 4-5 months after parturition.

Therefore, as long as the mother breast-feeds the child fully, chances of conception are almost nil. As no medicines or devices are used in these methods, side effects are almost nil. Chances of failure, though, of this method are also high.