Comprehension:
Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.
This Venice, which was a haughty, invincible, magnificent Republic for nearly fourteen hundred years; whose armies compelled the world’s applause whenever and wherever they battled; whose navies well-nigh held dominion of the seas, and whose merchant fleets whitened the remotest oceans with their sails and loaded these piers with the products of every clime, is fallen a prey to poverty, neglect and melancholy decay. Six hundred years ago, Venice was the Autocrat of Commerce; her mart was the great commercial centre, the distributing-house from whence the enormous trade of the Orient was spread abroad over the Western world. Today, her piers are deserted, her warehouses are empty, her merchant fleets are vanished, her armies and her navies are but memories. Her glory is departed, and with her crumbling grandeur of wharves and palaces about her, she sits among her stagnant lagoons, forlorn and beggared, forgotten by the world. She that in her palmy days commanded the commerce of the hemisphere and made the weal or woe of nations with the beck of her discussant finger, has become the humblest among the peoples of the earth,--a peddler of glass beads for women, and trifling toys and trinkets for school-girls and children.
The venerable Mother of the Republics is scarce a fit subject for flippant speech or the idle gossiping of tourists. It seems a sort of sacrilege to disturb the glamour of old romance that pictures her to us softly from afar off as through a tinted mist, and curtains her ruin and her desolation from our view. One ought, indeed, to turn away from her rags, her poverty and her humiliation, and think of her only as she was when she sunk the fleets of Charlemagne; when she humbled Frederick Barbarossa or waved her victorious banners above the battlements of Constantinople.
Venice’s past powers can be assessed by its-
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 1
The correct answer is Option (1) → influence over the world through trade and defence domination
The passage measures the past power of Venice by her armies, which "compelled the world’s applause", her navies, which "held dominion of the seas", and her merchant fleets, which carried trade to every part of the world. Her power rested on trade and military strength.
Why the Other Options are Incorrect?
Option 2: production of glass beads and toys — Incorrect. Wrong time: peddling "glass beads ... and trifling toys" shows how low she has fallen today.
Option 3: peaceful life among the lagoons — Incorrect. Contradicted: she now sits "among her stagnant lagoons, forlorn and beggared"; her past power came from war and trade, not a quiet life.
Option 4: role as a tourist destination — Incorrect. Not mentioned: tourism is never named as a source of her past power.
Note: Glass beads and toys are named in the passage, but as her humble trade today; the question is about the source of her past power.