Match List-I with List-II.List-IList-IIA. Frederick GriffithI. Lac op…

The correct answer is Option (2) → A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I

Each name in List-I is linked with one landmark finding of molecular genetics in NCERT.

(A) Frederick Griffith — this matches (IV) Transformation in bacteria. Working with Streptococcus pneumoniae, he found that heat-killed S strain bacteria transformed live R strain bacteria, though he could not say what the transforming principle was.

(B) Hershey and Chase — this matches (III) DNA is the genetic material. Their experiment with radioactive bacteriophages gave the unequivocal proof.

(C) Meselson and Stahl — this matches (II) Semi-conservative DNA replication, shown first in E. coli using ¹⁵N and ¹⁴N.

(D) Jacob and Monod — this matches (I) Lac operon, the first transcriptionally regulated system to be explained.

The correct code is A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I.

NCERT Extract:
Transforming Principle – “… He concluded that the R strain bacteria had somehow been transformed by the heat-killed S strain bacteria.”
The Genetic Material is DNA – “The unequivocal proof that DNA is the genetic material came from the experiments of Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase (1952).”
The Experimental Proof – “It is now proven that DNA replicates semiconservatively. It was shown first in Escherichia coli and subsequently in higher organisms, such as plants and human cells. Matthew Meselson and Franklin Stahl performed the following experiment in 1958: (i) They grew E. coli in a medium containing ¹⁵NH₄Cl (¹⁵N is the heavy isotope of nitrogen) as the only nitrogen source for many generations.”
The Lac Operon – “The elucidation of the lac operon was also a result of a close association between a geneticist, Francois Jacob and a biochemist, Jacque Monod.”