Which theory of population growth has three stages?

The correct answer is Option (2) → The Theory of Demographic Transition

The Theory of Demographic Transition describes the process of change in the population structure over time, typically divided into four or five stages (depending on the model). In its simplified form, the three stages often referred to are:

1. Stage 1: High birth and death rates, resulting in a stable population.
2. Stage 2: Death rates decline due to improvements in healthcare and nutrition, while birth rates remain high, leading to rapid population growth.
3. Stage 3: Birth rates begin to decline as a result of urbanization, education, and access to family planning, leading to a slowdown in population growth.