Read the given passage carefully and answer the questions.

Salmonella typhi is a pathogenic bacterium which causes typhoid fever in human beings. Sustained high fever (39° to 40°C), weakness, stomach pain, constipation, headache and loss of appetite are some of the common symptoms of this disease. Typhoid fever could be confirmed by Widal test. Plasmodium enters the human body as sporozoites. The parasites initially multiply within the liver cells and then attack the red blood cells (RBCs) resulting in their rupture. The rupture of RBCs is associated with release of a toxic substance, haemozoin, which is responsible for the chill and high fever recurring every three to four days. There is lymphoid tissue also located within the lining of the major tracts (respiratory, digestive and urogenital tracts) called mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT). In our body, cell growth and differentiation is highly controlled and regulated. In cancer cells, there is breakdown of regulatory mechanisms. Normal cells show a property called contact inhibition by virtue of which contact with other cells inhibits their uncontrolled growth. Cancerous cells just continue to divide giving rise to masses of cells called tumors. Tumors are of two types: benign and malignant. Cannabinoids are a group of chemicals, which interact with cannabinoid receptors present principally in the brain. Generally taken by inhalation and oral ingestion, these are known for their effects on cardiovascular system of the body.

The rupture of RBCs is associated with release of a toxic substance, ______ which is responsible for the chill and high fever recurring every three to four days.

Haemozoin

The correct answer is Option (2) → Haemozoin 

Plasmodium falciparum is a malaria parasite associated with severe cases of malaria. Malaria is a parasitic disease that involves high fevers, shaking chills, flu-like symptoms, and anemia. In malaria, the product released by mosquito into the blood that causes chill and fever is called Haemozoin. Haemozoin is formed from the digestion of blood by some blood-feeding parasites. Malarial parasite after entering the blood ruptures red blood cells and releases a toxin called hemozoin.