Tribes living in the forest of Bastar in Chhattisgarh follow nature's rule and depend on nature for their livelihood. This is an example of _____.
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 1
The correct answer is Option (1) → Environmental determinism
The story of Benda of the Abujh Maad forest, in the Bastar region of Chhattisgarh, shows environmental determinism.
Option (1) Environmental determinism — Correct. When people have very little technology, nature decides how they live. The Bastar tribes take food, water and herbs from the forest, worship it and live by its rules, so nature controls their life.
Option (2) Humanisation of nature — Incorrect. This means people use technology to change nature and leave their imprints on it, like the people of Trondheim.
Option (3) Radicalisation of human — Incorrect. There is no such concept.
Option (4) Neodeterminism — Incorrect. Griffith Taylor’s neodeterminism, or stop and go determinism, is a middle path: people can conquer nature by obeying it.
NCERT (2026-27): “Naturalisation of Humans and Humanisation of Nature … In the early stages of their interaction with their natural environment humans were greatly influenced by it. They adapted to the dictates of Nature. This is so because the level of technology was very low and the stage of human social development was also primitive. This type of interaction between primitive human society and strong forces of nature was termed as environmental determinism.” “The story in the box represents the direct relationship of a household belonging to an economically primitive society with nature. … You will realise that in all such cases nature is a powerful force, worshipped, revered and conserved. There is direct dependence of human beings on nature for resources which sustain them.” |