For a transistor, which of the following statement is true ?

The correct answer is Option (2) → The emitter junction is forward biased and the collector junction is reverse biased

A transistor has three regions: a heavily doped emitter of moderate size, a very thin, lightly doped base, and a moderately doped collector, the largest region. In its normal (active) working, the emitter supplies carriers across a forward-biased junction and the collector collects them across a reverse-biased junction.

Note: This question is from the pre-rationalised NCERT book (2022-23). The topic was removed from the latest NCERT book (2026-27), and it also appears to be out of the CUET 2026 syllabus.

NCERT (Pre-rationalised edition, 2022-23):
Summary – “… 18. Transistor is an n-p-n or p-n-p junction device. The central block (thin and lightly doped) is called ‘Base’ while the other electrodes are ‘Emitter’ and ‘Collectors’. The emitter-base junction is forward biased while collector-base junction is reverse biased.”