Read the passage carefully and answer the questions based on the passage:
The demographic advantage or 'dividend' to be derived from the age structure of the population is due to the fact that India is (and will remain for some time) one of the youngest countries in the world. A third of India's population was below 15 years of age in 2011. In 2020, the average Indian was only 29 years old, compared with an average age of 37 in China and the United States, 45 in Western Europe, and 48 in Japan. This implies a large and growing labor force, which can deliver unexpected benefits in terms of growth and prosperity.
What percentage of India's population was below 15 years of age in 2011?
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 3
The correct answer is Option (3) → 33%
The passage says that a third of India’s population was below 15 years of age in 2011. One third of a whole is about 33 per cent.
Note: The passage of Q1-Q5 is taken from Box 2.3 of the NCERT chapter ‘The Demographic Structure of the Indian Society’, with only small changes. One short box gave all five questions of this passage, so read every box of the chapter as carefully as the main text.
NCERT: Indian Society — Chapter 2: The Demographic Structure of the Indian Society (2025-26)
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