How many genes are present on chromosome 1?
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 3
The correct answer is Option (3) → 2968 genes
The Human Genome Project (HGP) worked out the sequence of the whole human DNA. Some of its main findings were: the human genome has about 3 billion base pairs, the total number of genes is estimated at about 30,000, and the genes are not spread evenly over the chromosomes. Chromosome 1 has the most genes (2968), and the Y chromosome has the fewest (231).
(3) 2968 genes — Correct. Chromosome 1 carries 2968 genes, the most of any human chromosome.
NCERT Extract:
Salient Features of Human Genome – “… (iii) The total number of genes is estimated at 30,000–much lower than previous estimates of 80,000 to 1,40,000 genes. Almost all (99.9 per cent) nucleotide bases are exactly the same in all humans.
…
(viii) Chromosome 1 has most genes (2968), and the Y has the fewest (231).”