The economist who proposed an alternative blueprint that put greater emphasis on rural industrialization was:
1. K.N Raj
2. J. C Kumarappa
3. Jagdish Bhagwati
4. Kailash Nath Katju

2

Many thought that the Second Plan lacked an agrarian strategy for development, and the emphasis on industry caused agriculture and rural India to suffer. Gandhian economists like J. C. Kumarappa proposed an alternative blueprint that put greater emphasis on rural industrialisation.

J.C. Kumarappa (1892-1960), originally known as J.C. Cornelius, was a distinguished economist and chartered accountant who embarked on an academic journey that took him to England and the USA. Deeply influenced by the teachings and philosophy of Mahatma Gandhi, Kumarappa dedicated his life to applying Gandhian principles to economic policies. Notably, he authored the groundbreaking work "Economy of Permanence," which explored sustainable economic concepts aligned with Gandhi's vision for a more equitable and ecologically responsible society. Kumarappa was not only a thinker but an active participant in shaping India's economic landscape. He contributed significantly to the planning process as a member of the Planning Commission, where he advocated for policies rooted in sustainability, self-reliance, and social justice.