Which of the following options prevents both autogamy and geitonogamy?

Papaya

In papaya plants, both autogamy (self-pollination) and geitonogamy (pollination between flowers of the same plant) are prevented due to their reproductive structure known as dioecy. Dioecy is a condition where male and female flowers are present on separate plants, meaning each individual plant is either male or female.

In the case of papaya, some plants bear only male flowers, while others bear only female flowers. The male flowers produce pollen, while the female flowers have a stigma and ovary for receiving pollen and developing fruits. This separation of male and female reproductive structures on different plants prevents self-pollination and the transfer of pollen between flowers of the same plant.

Since papaya plants cannot self-pollinate, they depend on cross-pollination, which occurs when pollen from the male flowers of one plant is transferred to the stigma of a female flower on a different plant. This cross-pollination ensures genetic diversity within the population and increases the chances of successful fertilization and fruit development.

Therefore, due to the presence of separate male and female plants in papaya (dioecy), both autogamy and geitonogamy are effectively prevented, promoting outcrossing and enhancing the genetic variability of the species.

Wheat, maize and castor are bisexual plants .