__________ refers to below average intellectual functioning and defic…

The correct answer is Option (3) → Intellectual Disability

Option (1) Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder — Incorrect. People with this disorder are unable to control their preoccupation with specific ideas (obsessions) or are unable to prevent themselves from repeatedly carrying out a particular act (compulsions). It is not defined by low intellectual functioning or by an age of onset.

Option (2) Separation Anxiety Disorder — Incorrect. Here the individual, usually a child, shows fear and anxiety about separation from attachment figures such as parents, to a degree that is not appropriate for her/his age. It is an anxiety disorder, not a deficit in intellectual functioning.

Option (3) Intellectual Disability — Correct. Intellectual disability refers to below average intellectual functioning (an IQ of about 70 or below) and deficits or impairments in adaptive behaviour, such as communication, self-care and social skills, which are manifested before the age of 18 years.

Option (4) Autism Spectrum Disorder — Incorrect. It is marked by widespread impairments in social interaction and communication skills, and stereotyped patterns of behaviour, interests and activities. Many such children also have intellectual disabilities, but the disorder itself is defined by these social and communication difficulties.