Which one of the following approaches is used to protect and maintain threatened species?
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 3
The correct answer is Option (3) → Ex situ conservation
Biodiversity is conserved in two ways. In situ (on site) conservation protects the whole ecosystem where the species lives. Ex situ (off site) conservation takes a threatened species out of its natural habitat and places it in a special setting, where it can be protected and given special care.
(1) In situ conservation — Incorrect. In situ conservation protects the species together with its natural habitat, for example in biodiversity hotspots, national parks and sanctuaries. The species is not taken out of its habitat and given special care.
(2) Alien species invasions — Incorrect. This is not a method of protection at all. It is one of the four main causes of biodiversity loss (“The Evil Quartet”).
(3) Ex situ conservation — Correct. Threatened animals and plants are kept and cared for in zoological parks, botanical gardens and wildlife safari parks. Today, gametes can also be preserved by cryopreservation and seeds kept in seed banks.
(4) National park — Incorrect. A national park is an example of in situ conservation. It is a protected area, not a separate approach.
NCERT Extract:
How Do We Conserve Biodiversity? –
