Match List-I with List-II:
| List-I | List-II |
| (Marketing Terminology) | (Explanation) |
| (A) Advertising | (I) Oral presentation of a message in the form of conversation with one or more prospective customers. |
| (B) Personal Selling | (II) A variety of programmes designed to promote or protect a company’s image. |
| (C) Counselling | (III) An identified individual or company pays for it. |
| (D) Public Relations | (IV) Companies can build goodwill by contributing money and time to certain causes like the environment, wildlife, children’s rights, education, etc. |
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 4
The correct answer is Option (4) → (A) - (III), (B) - (I), (C) - (IV), (D) - (II)
(A) Advertising — this matches (III) An identified individual or company pays for it. Advertising is a paid form of communication by an identified sponsor. Its cost is carried by the advertiser, and the advertiser is known.
(B) Personal Selling — this matches (I) Oral presentation of a message in the form of conversation with one or more prospective customers. Personal selling is face-to-face: the salesperson talks directly with buyers and can answer their questions on the spot.
(C) Counselling — this matches (IV) Companies can build goodwill by contributing money and time to certain causes like the environment, wildlife, children’s rights, education, etc. Counselling is one of the functions of the public relations department. It advises management on public issues and on the position the company should take on them. Contributing money and time to good causes is described under this same heading of public relations.
(D) Public Relations — this matches (II) A variety of programmes designed to promote or protect a company’s image. Public relations is about managing the image of the organisation in the eyes of all its stakeholders.
NCERT (2026-27 Edition): “Identified Sponsor: Advertising is undertaken by some identified individual or company, who makes the advertising efforts and also bears the cost of it.” “Personal Selling Personal selling involves oral presentation of message in the form of conversation with one or more prospective customers for the purpose of making sales. It is a personal form of communication. …” “Public Relations … Thus, it becomes imperative to manage public opinion and the company’s relation with the public on a regular basis. Therefore, public relations involve a variety of programmes designed to promote or protect a company’s image and its individual products in the eyes of the public.” “5. Counselling : The public relations department advises the management on general issues which affect the public and the position the company would like to the take on a particular issue. The company can build goodwill by contributing money and time to certain causes like environment, wildlife, children’s rights, education, etc. …” |