Read the passage given below and answer the following question .
Does the changing age structure offer a ‘demographic dividend’ for India?
The demographic advantage or ‘dividend’ to be derived from the age structure of the population is due to the fact that India is (and will remain for some time) one of the youngest countries in the world. A third of India’s population was below 15 years of age in 2000. In 2020, the average Indian will be only 29 years old, compared with an average age of 37 in China and the United States, 45 in Western Europe, and 48 in Japan. This implies a large and growing labour force, which can deliver unexpected benefits in terms of growth and prosperity. The ‘demographic dividend’ results from an increase in the proportion of workers relative to non-workers in the population. In terms of age, the working population is roughly that between 15 and 64 years of age. This working age group must support itself as well as those outside this age group (i.e., children and elderly people) who are unable to work and are therefore dependents. Changes in the age structure due to the demographic transition lower the ‘dependency ratio’, or the ratio of non-working age to working-age population, thus creating the potential for generating growth.

Consider the following statements and choose the correct option.
1. The ‘demographic dividend’ results from an increase in the proportion of workers relative to non-workers in the population.
2.Changing age structure by itself cannot guarantee any benefits unless it is properly utilized through planned development.

Both 1 and 2

• Statement 1 is accurate: The demographic dividend arises from a larger proportion of working-age population relative to non-working dependents. This creates a potential for increased economic productivity and growth.
• Statement 2 is also accurate: Having a favorable age structure is just one piece of the puzzle. To actually reap the benefits of the demographic dividend, countries need to implement appropriate policies and strategies. This includes investments in education, skill development, healthcare, infrastructure, and job creation to ensure that the large workforce can be productively employed and contribute to economic growth.