Testa of a seed is produced from:

The correct answer is Option (3) → outer integument of ovule

Option (1) ovary wall — Incorrect. The wall of the ovary develops into the wall of the fruit, called the pericarp. It does not form any part of the seed. The seed coat (testa) comes from the integuments of the ovule.

Option (2) hilum — Incorrect. The hilum is the junction of ovule and funicle; it leaves a scar on the seed.

Option (3) outer integument of ovule — Correct. The integuments harden into the seed coat; the outer integument forms the testa.

Option (4) funicle — Incorrect. The funicle is the stalk that attaches the ovule to the placenta.

NCERT Extract:
Seed – “… Integuments of ovules harden as tough protective seed coats (Figure 1.15a). The micropyle remains as a small pore in the seed coat. This facilitates entry of oxygen and water into the seed during germination. As the seed matures, its water content is reduced and seeds become relatively dry (10-15 per cent moisture by mass).”