Network of roads, railways and waterways has been often described as __________.

Arteries of circulation

The correct answer is Option (3) → Arteries of circulation

Networks of road, railways and water ways have often been described as "arteries of circulation". This analogy is used to emphasize the critical role that these transportation routes play in facilitating the movement of people, goods, and information within a region or country. Just as arteries in the human body carry blood to various parts of the body, transportation networks carry people and goods to different locations, ensuring the flow of economic activity, trade, and communication.