Match the LIST-I with LIST-II
| LIST-I | LIST-II |
|---|---|
| Terms | Relationships |
| A. Divergent evolution | I. Hugo deVries |
| B. Mutation | II. Charles Darwin |
| C. Natural selection | III. Analogous organs |
| D. Convergent evolution | IV. Homologous organs |
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 1
The correct answer is Option (1) → A-IV, B-I, C-II, D-III
(A) Divergent evolution — this matches (IV) Homologous organs. In divergent evolution a common structure changes in different directions for different needs, as the forelimbs of whales, bats, cheetah and humans do. Structures with a common origin but different uses are homologous.
(B) Mutation — this matches (I) Hugo deVries. deVries saw sudden, large, inheritable changes in evening primrose and called them mutations. He held that mutations, not small variations, drive evolution.
(C) Natural selection — this matches (II) Charles Darwin. Darwin proposed that organisms with traits better suited to the surroundings leave more offspring and so are selected.
(D) Convergent evolution — this matches (III) Analogous organs. In convergent evolution unrelated structures come to look alike because they do the same job, as the wings of a butterfly and of a bird do. Such structures are analogous.