What was the name of the Sultan who invaded Khwarizm in 1017 and took Al-Biruni to Ghazni (his capital) along with several other scholars?

Sultan Mahmud

The correct answer is Option 3 - Sultan Mahmud

In 1017, when Sultan Mahmud invaded Khwarizm, he took several scholars and poets back to his capital, Ghazni; Al-Biruni was one of them. He arrived in Ghazni as a hostage, but gradually developed a liking for the city, where he spent the rest of his life until his death at the age of 70.