Match List-I (techniques of scientific management) with List-II (what a firm does).
| List-I | List-II |
|---|---|
| (A) Method study | (I) A garment unit gives tailors who do heavy work short pauses at regular intervals so that they can recharge their energy. |
| (B) Motion study | (II) A packing unit watches how workers bend, lift and turn while packing, and removes the movements that add nothing to the job. |
| (C) Time study | (III) A courier firm takes several readings of how long it takes to sort one bag, and uses them to decide how many sorters to employ. |
| (D) Fatigue study | (IV) A furniture maker reviews every activity, from buying timber to delivering the chairs, to cut the cost of production and raise quality. |
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 2
The correct answer is Option (2) → (A)-(IV), (B)-(II), (C)-(III), (D)-(I)
| List-I | List-II | Reason |
|---|---|---|
| (A) Method study | (IV) A furniture maker reviews every activity, from buying timber to delivering the chairs, to cut the cost of production and raise quality. | Method study covers every activity, from buying raw materials to delivering the product. Its aim is to cut the cost of production and raise quality. |
| (B) Motion study | (II) A packing unit watches how workers bend, lift and turn while packing, and removes the movements that add nothing to the job. | Motion study looks at movements like bending and lifting. Unnecessary movements are removed, so the job takes less time. |
| (C) Time study | (III) A courier firm takes several readings of how long it takes to sort one bag, and uses them to decide how many sorters to employ. | Time study fixes the standard time for a job by taking several readings. One of its aims is to decide the number of workers to be employed. |
| (D) Fatigue study | (I) A garment unit gives tailors who do heavy work short pauses at regular intervals so that they can recharge their energy. | Fatigue study decides the amount and frequency of rest intervals. Workers doing heavy manual work get small pauses often, to recharge their energy. |
NCERT (2026-27 Edition): “Method Study The objective of method study is to find out one best way of doing the job. There are various methods of doing the job. To determine the best way there are several parameters. Right from procurement of raw materials till the final product is delivered to the customer every activity is part of method study. Taylor devised the concept of assembly line by using method study. Ford Motor Company used this concept very successfully. Even now auto companies are using it. The objective of the whole exercise is to minimise the cost of production and maximise the quality and satisfaction of the customer. For this purpose many techniques like process charts and operations research etc are used. …” “Motion Study Motion study refers to the study of movements like lifting, putting objects, sitting and changing positions, etc., which are undertaken while doing a typical job. Unnecessary movements are sought to be eliminated so that it takes less time to complete the job efficiently. …” “Time Study It determines the standard time taken to perform a well-defined job. Time measuring devices are used for each element of task. The standard time is fixed for the whole of the task by taking several readings. The method of time study will depend upon volume and frequency of the task, the cycle time of the operation and time measurement costs. The objective of time study is to determine the number of workers to be employed; frame suitable incentive schemes and determine labour costs. …” “Fatigue Study … Fatigue study seeks to determine the amount and frequency of rest intervals in completing a task. For example, normally in a plant, work takes place in three shifts of eight hours each. Even in a single shift a worker has to be given some rest interval to take her/his lunch etc. If the work involves heavy manual labour then small pauses have to be frequently given to the worker so that she/he can recharge her/his energy level for optimum contribution. …” |