Kaizen is:
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 4
The correct answer is Option (4) → Continuous improvement
Option (1) A system implemented by the use of visual signals — Incorrect. This describes Just In Time manufacturing. It uses visual signals, called Kanban, to show when stock at a stage of production needs to be replaced.
Option (2) A data driven approach that can help any organisation — Incorrect. This is Six Sigma. It relies on data to cut down quality variations and save time and money.
Option (3) A management philosophy focusing on the reduction of seven wastes — Incorrect. This is Lean Manufacturing. It cuts seven wastes, such as overproduction, waiting time and scrap.
Option (4) Continuous improvement — Correct. Kaizen is a Japanese word meaning ‘change for better’ or ‘improvement’. It raises productivity through small improvements made all the time. The Japanese developed it after World War II from the work of American experts such as F.W. Taylor.
NCERT (2026-27 Edition): “Standardisation and Simplification of Work … It may be pointed out that even the contemporary techniques of business process including reengineering, kaizen (continuous improvement) and benchmarking are aimed at standardising the work.”
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