Which doctrine takes away the power of amendment by Parliament with respect to Democracy, Rule of law, Secularism, Separation of Power and Judicial Review?

Doctrine of Basic Structure

The correct answer is Option (2) → Doctrine of Basic Structure

This doctrine was established by the Supreme Court of India in the landmark case of Kesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala (1973). It holds that certain fundamental features of the Constitution, known as the "basic structure," cannot be altered or destroyed by any amendment. This ensures that the core principles of the Constitution are preserved, even as amendments may be made to other parts of it.