Match List-I with List-II:
| List-I | List-II |
| A. Biopiracy | i. Correction of a gene defect |
| B. Biopatent | ii. Emphysema |
| C. Gene therapy | iii. Use of bio-resources without proper authorisation and compensatory payment |
| D. α-1-antitrypsin | iv. Right granted for biological entities |
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 1
The correct answer is Option (1) → A-iii, B-iv, C-i, D-ii
(A) Biopiracy — this matches (iii) Use of bio-resources without proper authorisation and compensatory payment. It is the use of bio-resources by multinational companies and other organisations without the consent of, or payment to, the countries and people concerned.
(B) Biopatent — this matches (iv) Right granted for biological entities. A patent is a right granted for an invention; a biopatent covers products and technologies based on genetic materials, plants and other biological resources.
(C) Gene therapy — this matches (i) Correction of a gene defect. A normal gene is delivered into the person or embryo to take over the function of the non-functional gene.
(D) α-1-antitrypsin — this matches (ii) Emphysema. Transgenic animals are used to produce this human protein, which is used to treat emphysema.
NCERT Extract:
Ethical Issues – “… There is growing public anger that certain companies are being granted patents for products and technologies that make use of the genetic materials, plants and other biological resources that have long been identified, developed and used by farmers and indigenous people of a specific region/country.”
Ethical Issues – “… Biopiracy is the term used to refer to the use of bio-resources by multinational companies and other organisations without proper authorisation from the countries and people concerned without compensatory payment.”
Gene Therapy – “… Gene therapy is a collection of methods that allows correction of a gene defect that has been diagnosed in a child/embryo.”
Transgenic Animals – “… Transgenic animals that produce useful biological products can be created by the introduction of the portion of DNA (or genes) which codes for a particular product such as human protein (α-1-antitrypsin) used to treat emphysema.”