Point the evidence NOT considered as a proof of agricultural technology of Harappan culture:
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 3
The correct answer is Option (3) → Grid Patterned streets
Option (1) Terracotta Bull — Evidence of agricultural technology (Incorrect). Seals and terracotta sculpture show that the bull was known, and from this archaeologists infer that oxen were used for ploughing.
Option (2) Terracotta Models of Plough — Evidence of agricultural technology (Incorrect). Terracotta models of the plough have been found at sites in Cholistan and at Banawali.
Option (3) Grid Patterned streets — Not evidence of agricultural technology (Correct). The roads and streets laid out along an approximate “grid” pattern are a feature of Harappan town planning and drainage, not of farming.
Option (4) Traces of canals at Shortughai — Evidence of agricultural technology (Incorrect). Traces of canals found at Shortughai in Afghanistan point to irrigation, which was probably needed in the semi-arid lands of most Harappan sites.
NCERT (2026-27): “2.1 Agricultural technologies … Representations on seals and terracotta sculpture indicate that the bull was known, and archaeologists extrapolate from this that oxen were used for ploughing. Moreover, terracotta models of the plough have been found at sites in Cholistan and at Banawali (Haryana). Archaeologists have also found evidence of a ploughed field at Kalibangan (Rajasthan), associated with Early Harappan levels (see p. 20). The field had two sets of furrows at right angles to each other, suggesting that two different crops were grown together. Archaeologists have also tried to identify the tools used for harvesting. Did the Harappans use stone blades set in wooden handles or did they use metal tools? Most Harappan sites are located in semi-arid lands, where irrigation was probably required for agriculture. Traces of canals have been found at the Harappan site of Shortughai in Afghanistan, but not in Punjab or Sind.… 3.1 Laying out drains … One of the most distinctive features of Harappan cities was the carefully planned drainage system. If you look at the plan of the Lower Town you will notice that roads and streets were laid out along an approximate ‘grid’ pattern, intersecting at right angles.…” |