Which among the following statement is not correct ?

UV radiations cannot cause mutations in organisms – it is not a mutagen.

The correct answer is Option (4) - UV radiations cannot cause mutations in organisms – it is not a mutagen."

UV (Ultraviolet) radiations are known to cause mutations in organisms. UV rays can induce changes in the DNA sequence of organisms upon exposure, leading to mutations. These mutations can alter the genetic material, causing various genetic changes that may affect the organism's genotype and phenotype.

UV radiation is considered a type of mutagen, capable of causing DNA damage and mutations in living organisms upon prolonged or excessive exposure. UV-induced mutations can contribute to various health issues, including skin cancers and other genetic abnormalities. Therefore, the statement suggesting that UV radiation cannot cause mutations is incorrect.

Color Blindness: It is a sex-linked recessive disorder due to defect in either red or green cone of eye resulting in failure to discriminate between red and green colour. This defect is due to mutation in certain genes present in the X chromosome.

Study of the family history about inheritance of a particular trait provides an alternative. Such an analysis of traits in a several of generations of a family is called the pedigree analysis. In the pedigree analysis the inheritance of a particular trait is represented in the family tree over generations.

Mutation is a phenomenon which results in alteration of DNA sequences and consequently results in changes in the genotype and the phenotype of an organism. In addition to recombination, mutation is another phenomenon that leads to variation in DNA. One DNA helix runs continuously from one end to the other in each chromatid, in a highly supercoiled form. Therefore loss (deletions) or gain (insertion/duplication) of a segment of DNA, result in alteration in chromosomes.