The early embryos with upto 8 blastomeres are transferred into the fallopian tube in one of the assisted reproductive technologies (ART). Identify the technique.
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 2
The correct answer is Option (2) → ZIFT
All four are assisted reproductive technologies (ART), used to help infertile couples have children. They differ in what is transferred and where it is placed. A blastomere is one of the cells formed by the first divisions of the zygote.
Option (1) GIFT — Incorrect. GIFT is gamete intra fallopian transfer. An ovum from a donor is placed in the fallopian tube of a female who cannot produce ova but can give the right conditions for fertilisation. A gamete is transferred, not an embryo.
Option (2) ZIFT — Correct. ZIFT is zygote intra fallopian transfer. The zygote is formed outside the body, in the laboratory, and the early embryo is put into the fallopian tube, where it would be at this stage in a natural pregnancy.
Option (3) ICSI — Incorrect. ICSI is intra cytoplasmic sperm injection. A sperm is injected directly into the ovum in the laboratory to form the embryo. It is a way of forming the embryo, not of transferring it.
Option (4) IUT — Incorrect. IUT is intra uterine transfer. The embryo is placed in the uterus, not in the fallopian tube, and it is used for the later embryos.
NCERT Extract:
Infertility – “… In vitro fertilisation (IVF–fertilisation outside the body in almost similar conditions as that in the body) followed by embryo transfer (ET) is one of such methods. In this method, popularly known as test tube baby programme, ova from the wife/donor (female) and sperms from the husband/donor (male) are collected and are induced to form zygote under simulated conditions in the laboratory. The zygote or early embryos (with upto 8 blastomeres) could then be transferred into the fallopian tube (ZIFT–zygote intra fallopian transfer) and embryos with more than 8 blastomeres, into the uterus (IUT – intra uterine transfer), to complete its further development.”