Which statements about social reform in colonial India are correct?(A…

NCERT (2026-27): “2.1 Social reform movements in the 19th and early 20th century
You have already seen the far-reaching impact of colonialism on our lives. The social reform movements which emerged in India in the 19 century arose to the challenges that colonial Indian society faced. You probably are familiar with what were termed social evils that plagued Indian society. The well-known issues are that of sati, child marriage, ban on widow remarriage and caste discrimination. It is not that attempts were not made to fight social discrimination in pre-colonial India. They were central to Buddhism, Bhakti and Sufi movements. What marked these 19 century social reform attempts was the modern context and mix of ideas. It was a creative combination of modern ideas of western liberalism and a new look on traditional literature. Sociologist Satish Saberwal elaborates upon the modern context by sketching three aspects to the modern framework of change in colonial India: modes of communication forms of organisation, and the nature of ideas New technologies speeded up various forms of communication. The printing press, telegraph, and later the microphone, movement of people and goods through steamship and railways helped quick movement of new ideas. …”