Which among the following statements are correct about the broader conception of human security?
A. It should include hunger, disease and natural disasters because it kills more people than war, genocide and terrorism combined
B. It stresses on the protection of communities and individuals from internal violence
C. It encompasses threats to human dignity and economic security
D. The broadest formulation stresses on “freedom from want” and “freedom from fear”
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 2
The correct answer is Option (2) → A, C and D only
A. It should include hunger, disease and natural disasters because it kills more people than war, genocide and terrorism combined Correct. This is the argument of the ‘broad’ concept of human security.
B. It stresses on the protection of communities and individuals from internal violence Incorrect. This belongs to the ‘narrow’ concept, which focuses on violent threats to individuals, in Kofi Annan’s words.
C. It encompasses threats to human dignity and economic security Correct. In its broadest formulation the agenda also covers economic security and ‘threats to human dignity’.
D. The broadest formulation stresses on “freedom from want” and “freedom from fear” Correct.
NCERT (2025-26): “Non-Traditional Notions … All proponents of human security agree that its primary goal is the protection of individuals. However, there are differences about precisely what threats individuals should be protected from. Proponents of the ‘narrow’ concept of human security focus on violent threats to individuals or, as former UN Secretary-General Kofi Annan puts it, ‘the protection of communities and individuals from internal violence’. Proponents of the ‘broad’ concept of human security argue that the threat agenda should include hunger, disease and natural disasters because these kill far more people than war, genocide and terrorism combined. Human security policy, they argue, should protect people from these threats as well as from violence. In its broadest formulation, the human security agenda also encompasses economic security and ‘threats to human dignity’. Put differently, the broadest formulation stresses what has been called ‘freedom from want’ and ‘freedom from fear’, respectively.…” |