Read the given passage carefully and answer the following questions.
The process of development of the tribal area of Bharmaur started in the 1970s when Gaddis were included among 'scheduled tribes'. The Fifth Five-Year Plan, the tribal sub-plan was introduced in 1974 and Bharmaur was designated as one of the five Integrated Tribal Development Projects (ITDP) in Himachal Pradesh. This area development plan was aimed at improving the quality of life of the Gaddis and narrowing the gap in the level of development between Bharmaur and other areas of Himachal Pradesh. This plan laid the highest priority on development of transport and communications, agriculture and allied activities, and social and community services. The most significant contribution of tribal sub-plan in Bharmaur region is the development of infrastructure in terms of schools, healthcare facilities, potable water, roads, communications and electricity. But the villages located along the river Ravi in Holi and Khani areas are the main beneficiaries of infrastructural development. The remote villages in Tundah and Kugti areas still do not have sufficient infrastructure. The social benefits derived from ITDP include tremendous increase in literacy rate, improvement in sex ratio and decline in child marriage. The female literacy rate in the region increased from 1.88 percent in 1971 to 65 percent in 2011. The difference between males and females in literacy level i.e. gender inequality, has also declined. Traditionally, the Gaddis had a subsistence agricultural-cum-pastoral economy, having an emphasis on food grains and livestock production. But during the last three decades of the twentieth century, the cultivation of pulses and other cash crops has increased in Bharmaur region. But crop cultivation is still done with traditional technology.
Which one out of the following is NOT a reason for implementing the Integrated Tribal Development Project in Bharmaur region?
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 1
The correct answer is Option (1) → To shift the people of Bharmaur region to a developed region.
The passage states: “This area development plan was aimed at improving the quality of life of the Gaddis and narrowing the gap in the level of development between Bharmaur and other areas of Himachal Pradesh. This plan laid the highest priority on development of transport and communications, agriculture and allied activities, and social and community services.”
Option (1) To shift the people of Bharmaur region to a developed region. — Not a reason for the ITDP. The plan brought development to Bharmaur itself: schools, health care, water, roads and electricity where the Gaddis live. Moving the people out was never part of it.
Option (2) To improve the quality of life. — A reason for the ITDP. The plan aimed at improving the quality of life of the Gaddis.
Option (3) Narrowing the gap between the Bharmaur region and other areas in level of development. — A reason for the ITDP. Bharmaur lagged behind other parts of Himachal Pradesh, and the plan set out to narrow this gap.
Option (4) To create the infrastructure in the region. — A reason for the ITDP. Transport, communications and community services got the highest priority, and the plan’s biggest gain was infrastructure.