Which of the following denotes racial discrimination followed in Sout…

The correct answer is Option (1) → Apartheid

Option (1) Apartheid — Correct. Race in South Africa stratified society much as caste does in India. To keep political control, the White European minority developed the policy of apartheid, or separation of the races. It became law in 1948 and was used to deny the Black majority citizenship, ownership of land and a voice in government; mixed marriages were prohibited.

Option (2) Assimilation — Incorrect. Assimilation means absorbing a group into the dominant culture, as in the degree of assimilation of tribes into Hindu society. Apartheid did the reverse: it kept the races apart by law.

Option (3) Reservation — Incorrect. Reservation is a remedy against discrimination: in India seats in legislatures, government jobs and education are set aside for disadvantaged groups such as the Scheduled Castes and Tribes. It lifts the disadvantaged; apartheid held them down.

Option (4) Prejudice — Incorrect. Prejudice is a pre-judgement, an opinion formed about a group before considering any evidence. It is an attitude held by people; apartheid was a law of the state that put such attitudes into practice.