Techniques of controlling includes:

A. Ratio analysis
B. PERT and CPM
C. On the job training
D. Management audit
E. Off the job training

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

A, B and D only

The correct answer is Option (2) - A, B and D only.

* On the job training and  Off the job training are method of training not techniques of controlling.

The various techniques of managerial control may be classified into two broad categories: traditional techniques, and modern techniques.

Traditional techniques are those which have been used by the companies for a long time now. However, these techniques have not become obsolete and are still being used by companies. These include:
(a) Personal observation
(b) Statistical reports
(c) Breakeven analysis
(d) Budgetary control

Modern techniques of controlling are those which are of recent origin and are comparatively new in management literature. These techniques provide a refreshingly new thinking on the ways in which various aspects of an organisation can be controlled. These include:
(a) Return on investment
(b) Ratio analysis
(c) Responsibility accounting
(d) Management audit
(e) PERT and CPM
(f) Management information system