Read the given passage carefully and answer following question:-
Apart from birth and death, there is another way by which the population size changes.
When people move from one place to another, the place they move from is called the place of origin and the place they move to is called the place of destination. The place of the origin shows a decrease in population while the population increases in the place of destination. Migration may be interpreted as a spontaneous effort to achieve a better balance between population and resources.
Migration may be permanent, temporary or seasonal. It may take place from rural to rural areas, rural to urban areas, urban to urban areas and urban to rural areas.
People migrate for a better economic and social life. There are two sets of factors that influence migration. The push factors make the place of origin seem less attractive for reasons like unemployment, poor living conditions, political turmoil, unpleasant climate, natural disasters, epidemics and socio-economic backwardness. The pull factors make the place of destination seem more attractive than the place of origin for reasons like better job opportunities and living conditions, peace and stability, security of life and property and pleasant climate.
Which of the following is NOT a component of population change?
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 3
The correct answer is Option (3) → Mid year population
The passage states: “Apart from birth and death, there is another way by which the population size changes.”
That other way is migration. So births, deaths and migration are the three components of population change.
Option (1) Migration — A component of population change. People moving in or out raise or lower the population of a place.
Option (2) Birth — A component of population change. Births add people to the population.
Option (3) Mid year population — Not a component of population change. It is the estimated population of an area in the middle of the year. It is used as P to calculate the crude birth rate and the crude death rate. It is a measure, not a cause of change.
Option (4) Death — A component of population change. Deaths reduce the population.
NCERT (2026-27): “Components of Population Change … There are three components of population change – births, deaths and migration.” “Here, CBR = Crude Birth Rate; B = live births during the year; P= Estimated mid year population of the area.” |