A battery of emf 12 V and internal resistance 3 Ω is connected to a resistor. If the current in the circuit is 0.8 A, the terminal voltage of the battery, will be

9.6 V

The correct answer is Option (3) → 9.6 V

Given:

EMF of battery: $E = 12\ \text{V}$

Internal resistance: $r = 3\ \Omega$

Current: $I = 0.8\ \text{A}$

Terminal voltage: $V = E - I r = 12 - (0.8 \cdot 3) = 12 - 2.4 = 9.6\ \text{V}$

∴ Terminal voltage of the battery = 9.6 V