The 'Rivet Popper Hypothesis' was given by :

Paul Ehrlich

The correct answer is Option (2) - Paul Ehrlich

‘Rivet popper hypothesis’ used by Stanford ecologist Paul Ehrlich.

The hypothesis suggests the importance of species richness in the maintenance of the ecosystem. The rivets of an aeroplane were compared with species in an ecosystem. "In an airplane (ecosystem) all parts are joined together using thousands of rivets (species). If every passenger travelling in it starts popping a rivet to take home (causing a species to become extinct), it may not affect flight safety (proper functioning of the ecosystem) initially, but as more and more rivets are removed, the plane becomes dangerously weak over a period of time."