Read the Passage carefully and answer the questions.
Insulin consists of two short polypeptide chains: chain A and chain B, that are linked together by disulphide bridges. The first clinical gene therapy was given in 1990 to a 4-year old girl with adenosine deaminase (ADA) deficiency. This enzyme is crucial for the immune system to function. Recombinant DNA technology, Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and Enzyme Linked Immuno-sorbent Assay (ELISA) are some of the techniques that serve the purpose of early diagnosis of diseases. Transgenic animals that produce useful biological products can be created by the introduction of the portion of DNA (or genes) which codes for a particular product such as human protein (α-1-antitrypsin) used to treat emphysema. Biopiracy is the term used to refer to the use of bio-resources by multinational companies and other organisations without proper authorisation from the countries and people concerned without compensatory payment.
Insulin has 2 polypeptide chains linked together by _____ bridges.
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 2
The correct answer is Option (2) → Disulphide
Insulin is made of two short polypeptide chains, A and B, joined together by disulphide bridges, bonds between sulphur atoms of the two chains. Eli Lilly made the two chains separately in E. coli and joined them this way.
Option (2) Disulphide — Correct. Mature insulin has two short polypeptide chains, chain A and chain B, linked together by disulphide (S–S) bridges. Eli Lilly made the two chains separately in E. coli and joined them by these bridges.
Note: The passage is taken from NCERT. NTA has put lines of the NCERT text together to make it. Most CUET (UG) questions come straight from NCERT, so study the book line by line, including figures and their titles.