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Home/Practice questions/Sociology
SociologySocial Change and Development in India: Social Movements

Gaura Devi and the women of Reni went to the forest when the contract…

Gaura Devi and the women of Reni went to the forest when the contractors' labourers arrived to fell trees. Which of the following describes how the confrontation ended?

Answer & explanation+

Correct answer: option 3

The correct answer is Option (3) → The labourers were forced to retire when the women refused to budge

Option (1) The women were removed and the felling of the Reni forest went ahead — Incorrect. The women were not removed. They held their ground, and it was the labourers who had to leave without felling the trees.

Option (2) The government cancelled the auction of the Reni plot before felling began — Incorrect. The auction was never cancelled. The government went ahead with the yearly auction of forests in November, and the Reni forest was one of the plots assigned.

Option (3) The labourers were forced to retire when the women refused to budge — Correct. The women first met abuse and threats from the labourers. Because they refused to budge, the men were finally forced to retire, so the felling did not take place.

Option (4) The labourers left after forest officials ordered a halt to the felling — Incorrect. No forest official stepped in to stop the work. The firm stand of the women themselves made the labourers turn back.

NCERT (2026-27): “8.4 Ecological Movements …
It was observed that some of the villages most affected by landslides lay directly below forests where felling operations had taken place…. …The villagers’ cause was taken up by the Dashauli Gram Swaraja Sangh (DGSS), a cooperative organisation based in Chamoli district. …Despite these early protests, the government went ahead with the yearly auction of forests in November. One of the plots scheduled to be assigned was the Reni forest…. …The contractors’ men who were travelling to Reni from Joshimath stopped the bus shortly before Reni. Skirting the village, they made for the forest. A small girl who spied the workers with their implements rushed to Gaura Devi, the head of the village Mahila Mandal (Women’s Club). Gaura Devi quickly mobilised the other housewives and went to the forest. Pleading with the labourers not to start felling operations, the women initially met with abuse and threats. When the women refused to budge, the men were eventually forced to retire.”

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